Leaching of potassium in soils of the coffee zone and its relationship with the texture
Abstract
To improve the efficiency in the use of fertilizers it is necessary to know those characteristics of the soil which have an effect on it. With the purpose of evaluating the effect of the texture of soil on the losses of potassium (K+) by leaching, soil samples at 25 cm deep were taken, using PVC tubes in four cartographical units of soil in the Coffee Zone of Colombia: San Simón (Eutropept, sandy loam), Montenegro (Fulvudands, sandy loam), Chinchiná (Melanudands, loam) and Doscientos (Dystropept, clay loam). Half of the samples from each unit of soil (seven) were superficially fertilized with 4 g of K in the form of KCl (60% of K2O) and the other half weren’t; subsequently, 360mL of distilled water was administered every four days for 25 times and the leached K+ was valued, as well as the Ca2+, Mg2+ and pH. The highest losses by leaching of K+ applied were registered in the Chinchiná unit, followed by Montenegro, San Simón and Doscientos. This response was mainly related to the mineralogy of the soils and the ECEC, before the texture. As a result of the administration of K, losses of Ca2+ and Mg2+ by leaching were increased during the first irrigations.
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