Antimicrobial resistance profiles and microbiological characterization in three healthcare facilities of medium complexity in Tolima, Colombia
Abstract
Objective: To describe the microbiological isolates and antimicrobial resistance profiles of the main Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in three hospitals in Tolima during 2021.
Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted between January and December 2021 in three medium-complexity healthcare institutions in the department of Tolima. Data were collected from the automated Vitek® system for 1,111 positive bacterial isolates from hospitalized and outpatient patients. Phenotypic information and susceptibility profiles from the first positive isolate of patients over 18 years of age were compiled in Microsoft Excel® spreadsheets. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented as proportions in frequency tables.
Results: 76% of the isolates belonged to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Among these, Klebsiella pneumoniae showed resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam in 36.92%, third-generation cephalosporins in 23.23%, and fourth-generation cephalosporins in 24.7%. Among the non-fermenting bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa demonstrated resistance rates of 29% to fourth-generation cephalosporins, 57.6% to carbapenems, and 20% to piperacillin-tazobactam.
Conclusions: A high proportion of bacterial isolates exhibited antimicrobial resistance profiles in high-complexity hospitals in Tolima. These findings underscore the need to strengthening education, surveillance, prevention, and control strategies through Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASP).
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Disciplines:
Clinical Epidemiology, Antimicrobial resistance, InfectologyReferences
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