Diversity of avifauna in a fragment of cloud forest in San Antonio and km-18, Cali, Colombia
Abstract
This paper presents the first detailed preliminary inventory of the avifauna identified in the farm La Florida, located in the village of El Silencio, corregimiento La Elvira, municipality of Cali, Valle del Cauca (Colombia). The farm is part of the Bosque de Niebla de San Antonio-km 18, recognized as an Important Bird Conservation Area (IBA) in Colombia. This forest is characterized by its high biodiversity and for being a key biological corridor for ornithological research. Despite its importance, there are still significant gaps in the knowledge of the local avifauna, especially in La Florida farm, which motivated this study to establish a documentary base to facilitate future research and conservation projects. The work was carried out through standardized visual and auditory censuses, complemented with bibliographic records and databases. Bird diversity was assessed using the Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indices, while specific richness between coverages was estimated using the Chao and Jackknife methods. Species were categorized according to their cover preference (open area, forest or ecotone) and functionally classified into trophic guilds. As a result, 220 species were obtained, distributed in 18 orders, 42 families and 170 genera, representing 11.17% of the avifauna documented in Colombia. The analyses showed a complex avian community, highlighting key species for conservation. This inventory underlines the ecological relevance of the La Florida farm and its role in the conservation of the avifauna of the San Antonio-Km 18 cloud forest.
Downloads
References
Aide, T.M., Clark, M.L., Grau, R., López-Carr, D., Levy, M., Redo, D., Bonilla‐Moheno, M., Riner, G., Andrade‐Núñez, M. J. y Muñiz, M. 2012 Deforestation and reforestation of Latin America and the Caribbean (2001–2010). Biotropica, 45(2), 262–271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2012.00908.x
Alcázar Caicedo, C. 2013. Megadiversidad de Colombia: Diversidad e historia biogeográfica del norte de los Andes de Suramérica (pp. 15-21).
Andren, H. 1994. Effects of habitat fragmentation on birds and mammals in landscapes with different proportions of suitable habitat: A review. Oikos, 71(3), 355-366. https://doi.org/10.2307/3545823
Ayerbe, F. 2020. Avifauna Colombiana: Guía de Campo. Editorial ABC.
Brook, B. W., Sodhi, N. S., y Bradshaw, C. J. A. 2008. Synergies among extinction drivers under global change. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 23(8), 453–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2008.03.011
Castillo-Crespo, L. S y M. González-Anaya. (Eds.-Comp.). 2007. Avances en la implementación del plan de acción en biodiversidad del Valle del Cauca. Corporación Autónoma Regional del Valle del Cauca-CVC, Dirección Técnica Ambiental, Grupo Biodiversidad. Santiago de Cali, 66 pp.
Chapman, F. M., Richardson, W. B., Fuertes, L. A., Miller, L. E., Allen, A. A, Cherrie, G. K., Howes, P. G., O’Connell, G. M., Ring, T. M., Boyle, H. S. y Expedition, R. C. 1917. The distribution of bird-life in Colombia: a contribution to a biological survey of South America. Bulletin of the AMNH; v. 36. http://hdl.handle.net/2246/1243
Clements, J. F., Rasmussen, P. C., Schulenberg, T. S., Iliff, M. J., Fredericks, T. A., Gerbracht, J. A., Lepage, D., Spencer, A., Billerman, S. M., Sullivan, B. L. y Wood, C. L. 2023. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2023. https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
Clements, J. F., Rasmussen, P. C., Schulenberg, T. S., Iliff, M. J., Fredericks, T. A., Gerbracht, J. A., Lepage, D., Spencer, A., Billerman, S. M., Sullivan, B. L., Smith, M. y Wood, C. L. 2024. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2024. https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
Cracraft, J. 1985. Historical biogeography and patterns of differentiation within the South American avifauna: Areas of endemism. En P. A. Buckley, M. S. Foster, E. S. Morton, R. S. Ridgely, & F. G. Buckley (Eds.), Neotropical Ornithology (pp. 49–84). Ornithological Monographs No. 36. Washington, DC: American Ornithologists' Union.
Cracraft, J. 2015. Prólogo. En L. Salazar-Cardona (Ed.), El Bosque de niebla de San Antonio, una historia centenaria (p. 33).
Dixo, M., Metzger, J. P., Morgante, J. S. y Zamudio, K. R. 2009. Habitat fragmentation reduces genetic diversity and connectivity among toad populations in the Brazilian Atlantic Coastal Forest. Biological Conservation, 142(8), 1560-1569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2008.11.016
Echeverry-Galvis, M. A., Acevedo-Charry, O., Arzuza-Arias, J. E., Castillo-Gómez, C., Garzón-Salazar, F., Estela, F. A. y Cepeda-Cuervo, A. M. 2023. Lista oficial de las aves de Colombia 2023: Adiciones, cambios taxonómicos y actualizaciones de estado. Ornitología Colombiana. https://asociacioncolombianadeornitologia.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Echeverry-Galvis-et-al.-Lista-oficial-de-las-aves-de-Colombia-2022-FINAL25-51.pdf
Garcés-Restrepo, M. F., Saavedra-Rodríguez, C. A., Cárdenas-Carmona, G., Vidal-Astudillo, V., Ayerbe-Quiñones, F., Ortega, L. F., López-Solarte, J., Johnston-González, R. y Ríos-Franco, C. A. 2012. Expansión de la distribución y datos ecológicos del carpintero habado (Melanerpes rubricapillus) en el valle del río Cauca, Colombia. Ornitología Colombiana, 12, 54-60. https://revistas.ornitologiacolombiana.com/index.php/roc/article/view/259
Gillespie, T. W. y Walter, H. 2001. Distribution of bird species richness at a regional scale in tropical dry forest of Central America. Journal of Biogeography, 28(5), 651-662. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2001.00575.x
Gómez, C., Tenorio, E. y Cadena, C. 2021. Cambios en las huellas funcionales aviarias en un bosque neotropical de montaña durante cien años como indicadores de la integridad del ecosistema. Conservation Biology, 35(4), 1234-1245. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13714
Haddad, N. M., Brudvig, L. A., Clobert, J., Davies, K. F., Gonzalez, A., Holt, R. D., Lovejoy, T. E., Sexton, J. O., Austin, M. P., Collins, C. D., Cook, W. M., Damschen, E. I., Ewers, R. M., Foster, B. L., Jenkins, C. N., King, A. J., Laurance, W. F., Levey, D. J., Margules, C. R., Melbourne, B. A., Nicholls, A. O., Orrock, J. L., Song, D. y Townshend, J. R. 2015. Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impact on Earth’s ecosystems. Science Advances, 1(2), e1500052. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500052
Halley, J. M., Monokrousos, N., Mazaris, A. D., Newmark, W. D. y Vokou, D. 2016. Dynamics of extinction debt across five taxonomic groups. Nature Communications, 7, 12283. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12283
Hilty, S. L. y Brown, W. L. 1986. A guide to the birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press.
Holdridge, L. R. 1967. Life Zone Ecology. Tropical Science Center.
IUCN. 2024. The IUCN red list of threatened species. Version 2024-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org/es
Kattan, G. H., Rodríguez, J. P. y Ríos, M. 1994. Effects of habitat fragmentation on bird populations in the Andes of Colombia. Conservation Biology, 8(1), 138-146. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010138.x
Krosby, M., Tewksbury, J., Haddad, N. M. y Hoekstra, J. 2010. Ecological connectivity for a changing climate. Conservation Biology, 24(6), 1686-1689. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40925337
Laurance, W. F., et al. 2014. The importance of habitat corridors for wildlife conservation. Conservation Biology, 28(3), 1366-1379.
Lehmann, F. C. 1957. Contribuciones al estudio de la fauna de Colombia XII. Novedades Colombianas, 1, 101-156.
Long, A. J., Crosby, M. J. y Stattersfield, A. J. 1996. Towards a global map of biodiversity: Patterns in the distribution of restricted-range birds. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters, 5, 281–304. https://doi.org/10.2307/2997796
MacArthur, R. H. y MacArthur, J. W. 1961. On bird species diversity. Ecology, 42(3), 594-598. https://doi.org/10.2307/1932254
Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible. 2024. Resolución 126 de 2024: Especies silvestres amenazadas – Diversidad biológica colombiana continental – Biodiversidad biológica marino costera. Diario Oficial. https://www.minambiente.gov.co
Moore, R. P., Robinson, W. D., Lovette, I. J. y Robinson, T. R. 2008. Experimental evidence for extreme dispersal limitation in tropical forest birds. Ecology Letters, 11(9), 960-968. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01196.x
Ocampo‐Peñuela, N. y Pimm, S. L. 2014. Setting practical conservation priorities for birds in the western Andes of Colombia. Conservation Biology, 28(5), 1260-1270. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12312
Palacio, R. D. 2014. Estructura de la red de interacciones mutualistas entre plantas y aves frugívoras en el bosque nublado de San Antonio -Km 18, Valle del Cauca. [Tesis de grado, Universidad Icesi]. Repositorio Institucional Universidad Icesi. https://repository.icesi.edu.co
Palacio, R. D., Valderrama‐Ardila, C. y Kattan, G. H. 2016. Generalist species have a central role in a highly diverse plant–frugivore network. Biotropica, 48(3), 349-355. https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.12290
Palacio, R. D., Vidal-Astudillo, V., Cárdenas, G. y Luna-Solarte, J. 2017. Aves del municipio de Santiago de Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana, 18(2), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.21068/c2017.v18n02a15
Pohlman, C. L., Turton, S. M. y Goosem, M. 2007. Edge effects of linear canopy openings on tropical rainforest understory microclimate. Biotropica, 39(1), 62-71. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00238.x
Poveda, G. y Mesa, O. 1998. La Corriente de Chorro Superficial del Oeste ("del CHOCÓ") y otras dos corrientes de chorro atmosféricas sobre Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, 23(89), 2848-2859. https://doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.23(89).1999.2848
Ralph, C. J., Sauer, J. R. y Droege, S. 1995. Monitoring bird populations by point counts. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-149. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station.
Renjifo, L. M., Gómez, M. F., Velásquez-Tibatá, J., Amaya-Villarreal, A. M., Kattan, G. y Pimm, S. L. 2016. Políticas de conservación de las aves de Colombia en las últimas décadas. Conservación Colombiana, 23, 7-15.
Robinson, S. K., Thompson, F. R. III, Donovan, T. M., Whitehead, D. R. y Faaborg, J. 1995. Regional forest fragmentation and the nesting success of migratory birds. Science, 267(5206), 1987-1990. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.267.5206.1987
Sánchez-Cuervo, A. M., Aide, T. M., Clark, M. L. y Etter, A. 2012. Land cover change in Colombia: surprising forest recovery trends between 2001 and 2010. PLoS ONE 7(8):e43943. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043943
Stotz, D. F. 1996. Neotropical birds: ecology and conservation. University of Chicago Press.
Sullivan, B. L., Wood, C. L., Iliff, M. J., Bonney, R. E., Fink, D. y Kelling, S. 2009. eBird: A citizen-based bird observation network in the biological sciences. Biological Conservation 142(10): 2282–2292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.05.006
Wiens, J. A. 1989. The ecology of bird communities. Volume I. Foundations and Patterns. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, EUA. 169 p. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043943
Copyright (c) 2024 Universidad del Cauca
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
.png)
